Pomegranate/Anar - Health benefits, application, chemical constituents, side effects and many more

 

POMEGRANATE(Anar)

Pomegranate(Punica granatum) is a long-lived and drought-tolerant plant. Arid and semiarid zones are popular for growing pomegranate trees. The fruit is typically in season in the Northern Hemisphere from September to February, and in the Southern Hemisphere from March to May. According to the holy book of Muslims, The Quran, Pomegranates are considered to be an example of God’s good creations and are grown in the gardens of paradise. Because of this reason, it is recited twice in the Quran. It shows antioxidant, antiparasitic, antischistosomal, antidiabetic, antiviral, antibacterial,  anti-inflammatory  and  anticarcinogenic activities.

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It has different names in different languages such as Marathi name(Dalimb),   Hindi name: Anar),   Tamil name(Matuli, maadulai, maatulai pazham),   Kannada name(Dalimbe han...........................read more



Parts of plant used

bark, leaves, flower, fruit, fruit extract or juice, root and fruit rind


Vitamins and minerals content

Vitamins : B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, E, K

Minerals : Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, phosphorus, Potassium, sodium, zinc

Pomegranate juice is a good source of fructose, sucrose, and glucose. It also has some of the simple organic acids such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, and malic acid. In addition, it contains small amounts of all amino acids, specifically proline, methionine, and valine. Both the juice and peel are rich in polyphenols and antioxidants(tannin and flavonoids).

               - Flavonoids : anthocyanins(gives red colour to juice), flavan 3-ols, and flavonols. 

               - Tannin : Ellagitannin(punicalagin and punicalin)[ hydrolysed to ellagic acid ], gallotannins (hydrolised to gallic acid) 

The pomegranate tree's bark and roots are rich sources of chemicals called alkaloids. 

Dried and cleaned white seeds contains oil which is rich punicic acid[ triple conjugated 18-carbon fatty acid ](65%) with this seeds also contains some phytoestrogen compounds. With this it also contains large amount of fiber

Pomegranate and its chemical components possess various pharmacological and toxicological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines), anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis activities. They also show inhibitory effects on invasion/motility, cell cycle, apoptosis, and vital enzymes such as cyclooxygenase (COX), lipooxygenase (LOX), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), carbonic anhydrase (CA), 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSDs) and serine protease (SP). 

The antioxidant potential of pomegranate juice is more than that of red wine and green tea, which is induced through ellagitannins and hydrosable tannins. Pomegranate juice can reduce macrophage oxidative stress, free radicals, and lipid peroxidation.

About 18% of dried and cleaned white seeds are oil. The oil is rich in punicic acid (65%), which is a triple conjugated 18-carbon fatty acid. There are some phytoestrogen compounds in pomegranate seeds that have sex steroid hormones similar to those in humankind. The 17-alpha-estradiol is a mirror-image version of estrogen.

Pomegranate juice is a good source of fructose, sucrose, and glucose. It also has some of the simple organic acids such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, and mal...........................read more



Properties of pomegranate

• Qualities – light to digest, unctuous, oily

• Taste – sweet, sour, astringent

• Taste conversion after digestion – sweet or sour

• Potency – neither cold, nor sweet.

• Effects on Tridosha  –  

  • Sweet pomegranate balances vata, kapha, pitta.
  • Sour pomegranate balances vata and kapha but increases pitta

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Sweet Pomegranate 

  • Trit hara, Daaha hara – It relieves excessive thirst and burning sensation.
  • It cleanses and clarifies oral cavity, throat, oesophagus stomach and chest.
  • Shukrala – It is a good natural aphrodisiac and improves sperm count and semen quality.
  • Laghu – It undergoes digestion very easily, very light on stomach.
  • It also has astringent ta...........................read more



Application, benefits and uses of pomegranate

1) It is a good natural aphrodisiac which helps to improves sperm count and semen quality.


2) It improves intelligence, immunity and body strength.


3) It relieves excessive thirst and burning sensation.


4) For food poisoning : Take tablespoon of dried leaves powder of Pomegranate in a cup of water and boil it for 5-7 minute and some honey in it(in cool/luke warm phase). Take this mixture for 5-7 days.

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5) It helps relieve anorexia, improves taste of food.


6) Pomegranate  flowers  have been used in both the Unani and Ayurvedic systems  of  medicines  as  a  remedy  for diabetes. 


7) Dried powder pomegranate flower buds are used to reduce cough. OR ½ cup pomegranate juice with a pinch of ginger and a pinch of pippali (piper longum).

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8) The aqueous extract of  Pomegranate peel extract shows wound healing activity. 


9) Rich source of Antioxidant content in pomegranate is very good for heart and it's function.


10) It help to get relief from vom...........................read more




Note : 

  1. It also has three times more antioxidants than red wine and green tea. 

                Click here for more information about Tea(chai)

    1. Almost all the parts of pomegranate such as leaves, flower buds, flowers, tender fruits, fruits, fruit rind, bark of both root and stem are having therap...........................read more



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    Refrance : 

    1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES    
    2. Qamar Abbas S, Zara B, Rizwan S, Tahir Z. Nutritional and Therapeutic Properties of Pomegranate. Scho J Food & Nutr. 1(4)-2018
    3. www.rjps.inRGUHS J Pharm Sci | Vol 3 | Issue 4 | Oct–Dec, 2013  
    4. sciencedirect.com
    5. Charak samhita
    6. Bhavaprakasha nighantu
    7. NCBI
    8. IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy www.iosrphr.org (e)-ISSN: 2250-3013, (p)-ISSN: 2319-4219 Volume 8, Issue 6 Version. II (June 2018), PP. 34-38
    9. PUBMED
    10. Local tradition and knowledge
    11. Kaiyadeva Nighantu 
    12. Dhanvantari Nighantu
    13. Raja nighantu 
    14. Foods. 2020 Feb; 9(2): 122, PMCID: PMC7074153
    15. Oncol Rev. 2018 Jan 30; 12(1): 345. PMCID: PMC5806496
    16. Adv Biomed Res. 2014; 3: 100. PMCID: PMC4007340
    17. Front Pharmacol. 2018; 9: 544. PMCID: PMC5977444
    18. International Journal of Forestry and Horticulture (IJFH)Volume 3, Issue 1, 2017, PP 17-18. ISSN 2454-9487
    19. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Volume 271, 10 May 2021, 113877
    20. Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014: 686921. PMCID: PMC4000966
    21. Int. J. Ayur. Pharma Research, 2019;7(4):21-31

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