Sandlewood - The Treasure of India - Health benefits, application, chemical constituents, side effects and many more

Sandlewood - The Treasure of India


One of the most revered gifts of ancient India to the world has been the Indian sandalwood, also known as Chandana in Sanskrit. Long ago its value was recognized by the Chinese and Europeans, sandalwood was an integral part of Indian culture, rituals and mythology. The heartwood is considered sacred and the paste made by grinding the heartwood of the tree is integral to Hindu rituals and ceremonies as well as an innate part of meditation and prayer. It is one of the many gifts of ancient India to the world of medicine and goes much beyond being a beautifying and fragrance-imparting agent. This  plant  is  considered  sacred  and  its  importance  and  usage  are  also  mentioned  in  Vedas, Puranas,  Buddhism, Epics and Scriptures. 

This plant has a great reference found in Indian mythology, scripture and folklore. It is found in literatures like Arthashastra, Patanjali Mahabhasaya, Vinaya Pitaka, Milinda Pahna, Anguttara, Kautilya and Dhamma. It is also known to be mentioned in the holy books such as Ramayana and Mahabharata.

It shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-hyperlipidaemic, anti-microbial, antineoplastic, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant, antipyretic, antiviral and anti-proliferative properties

Click here for more information about Antioxidants and free radicles

It has different names in different languages such as Hindi Name(Safed chandan, chandan),  English Name(Sandalwood, White Indian sandal............(read more)





Mainly 2 types of sandlewood 

  1. White Sandalwood – Shweta Chandana – Santalum album
  2. Red Sandalwood – Rakta Chandana – Pterocarpus santalinus – Will be dealt separately.



Chemical constituents

• Indian Sandalwood is highly valued for its fragrant heartwood, which consists of the highest oil (upto 6%) as well as santalol (α & β 90%) contents in oil as compared to other species of the genus Santalum

              - Sandalwood's main components are the two isomers(alpha & beta) of santalol (about 75%). It is used in aromatherapy and to prepare soaps.

             - alpha-santalol has also been found to have anti-inflammatory effects by altering the expression of various cytokines and chemokines. Apart from cytokines, both alpha- and beta-santalol have been found to suppress arachidonic acid pathway mediated by lipopolysaccharides, thereby decreasing prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2. Its anti-infla............(read more)





Properties and benefits

  • Rasa (taste) – Tikta (bitter) Madhura (sweet)
  • Guna (qualities) – Laghu (light), Rooksha (dryness)
  • Taste conversation after digestion – Katu (pungent) 
  • Veerya (potency) – Sheetala (Cold) 
  • Effect on Tridosha – Balances Kapha and Pitta Dosha.
  •       Click here for more information about Tridosha(vata-Kapha-Pitta)
  • Rakta Prasadana – Detoxifies blood, useful in bleeding disorders
  • Vrushya – acts as aphrodisiac
  • Dahahara, Antardaha hara – relieves internal burning sensation, seen in Pitta imbalance conditions such as gastritis, sore throat, laryngitis, sun stroke etc.
  • Pittasrahara – useful in bleeding disorders such as nasal bleeding, menorrhagia etc.
  • Vishahara – anti toxic
  • Trushnahara – relieves thirst
  • Krumighna – Relieves worm infestation, useful in infected wounds
  • Shishira – coolant
  • Ahladana – brings about pleasant effect, nourishes sense organs
  • Klamahara, Shramahara – Relieves tiredness, fatigue
  • Shos............(read more)


Uses Benefits and Application

1) Sandalwood essential oil can be pressed from the wood or extracted with alcohol or water. It acts as antiseptic and disinfectant. 

               - Sandalwood must be distilled so that the oil can be extracted from within. Many different methods are used, including steam distillation, water distillation, CO2 extraction, and solvent extractions. 

               - sandalwood oil is also used as a flavour component in different food items, including candy, ice cream, baked food, puddings, alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, and gelatin. The flavouring is used at levels below 10 ppm, the highest possible level for use in food products being 90 ppm.

                 - Isobornyl cyclohexanol is a synthetic fragrance chemical produced as an alternative to the natural product.


2) Remedy for Pimples : Make a paste by mixing 1 tbsp of sandalwood powder with ½ tbsp of turmeric powder and 1 tbsp of rose water. Apply a coat of this paste on your face and keep for about 20 minutes and then wash it off with water. 

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3) If you sweat a lot then apply the paste of sandalwood powder on your body for 15 days before having a bath. This is an effective natural solution to  to get rid of excessive sweating and body odour that also gives your body a wonderful fragnance. 

            - This helps in soothing and cooling the irritation and burn caused by prickly heat and excessive sweating. It is safe remedy for children. 


4) Its paste is applied over forehead to relieve migraine, headache.

                - Paste prepared with costus root along with Tagara, dill seeds, Licorice, sandalwood and ghee is used to apply externally to relieve headache, shoulder and back pain.

           Click here for more information about Ghee

           Click here for more information about Liquorice


5) Sandalwood essential oil has been extensively used in aromatherapy as an antidepressant, to alter cogitation and psychological or physical wellness and is most likely used in fragrance material, incense, cosmetics, personal care products, meditative and spiritual practices.


6) sandalwood oil is used in food products like candy, pan masala, frozen dairy, desserts, puddings, baked food, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages to enhance the flavor.


7) Traditionally, the wild berries of the sandalwood plant are consumed by the local tribes and birds.


8) The bark contains about 12-14% tannin and has good poten.............(read more)



Further read on following link

https://kbjawadwar.blogspot.com/2021/09/sandlewood-health-benefits-application.html





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Reference : 

1) Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019 May-Jun; 10(3): 296–297.  PMCID: PMC6536050

2) J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017 Oct; 10(10): 34–39.  PMCID: PMC5749697

3) RSC Adv. 2018 Oct 3; 8(59): 33753–33774. Published online 2018 Oct 2.   PMCID: PMC6171454.

4) Front Pharmacol. 2018; 9: 200.   Published online 2018 Mar 9.  PMCID: PMC5854648

5);Charaka Samhita

6) Plant Archives Vol. 18 No. 1, 2018 pp. 1048-1056.    ISSN 0972-5210

7) Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityAgricultural College & Research InstituteMadurai 

8) World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 2019, 5(1), 51-55.  ISSN 2455-330

9) IJAPR | April2021 | Vol 9 | Issue4.  ISSN: 2322 -0902 

10) Journals | Cosmetics | Volume 8 | Issue 2 | 10.3390/cosmetics8020053 

11) Bioenvironmental Issues Affecting Men's Reproductive and Sexual Health

2018, Pages 557-569

12) CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 103, NO. 12, 25 DECEMBER 2012

13) NCBI

14) PUBMED

15) Dodt CK.The Essential Oils Book: Creating Personal Blends for Mind & Body. 

16) World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 4, Issue 10, 2015

17) Bhavaprakasha Nighantu

18) Sharangdhara Samhita

19) Sushruta Samhita

20) Subasinghe /Journal of Tropical Forestry and Environment Vol. 3, No. 01 (2013) 1-8



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